The advent of technology has significantly transformed the way we learn as physical classrooms and chalkboards are gradually giving way to digital platforms and virtual learning environments. This shift is not just a change in tools, as it has sparked a global conversation about the future of learning with a particular focus on its implications for young people in developing countries like Nigeria. It has been both revolutionary and challenging. One of the most remarkable changes has been the rise of online learning and digital education platforms, which are fast becoming a popular choice for many because of their flexibility in allowing students to balance their studies with their jobs, business, family, and other commitments. Accessibility is considered a significant advantage of technology in education and online learning has made it possible for people in remote places to access courses from top universities around the world at their own pace without the constraints of physical classrooms as compared to access to quality education in conventional settings often limited by geography and socioeconomic status.
The emergence of online learning via EdTech platforms like Coursera, Udemy, Microsoft and other industry-based online learning platforms has democratised access to knowledge and made learning more accessible, flexible and affordable. Even though the quality of the courses on these platforms is not the same in many cases, they all provide valuable resources for learners to acquire new skills and knowledge across several subject matters. I have personally benefited greatly from these online learning platforms. For example, during the COVID-19 lockdown, I started my cybersecurity and cloud computing journey through industry-leading platforms like Fortinet and Aviatrix despite having ongoing commitments such as research for my postgraduate thesis. I could balance everything because the course was self-paced, and this flexibility allowed me to learn and earn certifications at my convenience.
Platforms like YouTube have transformed into a thriving repository of educational content. From coding to cooking tutorials to language lessons, YouTube has become a go-to source for self-paced learning. With millions of videos on every conceivable topic, learners can access free tutorials, lectures and simulation videos across various topics of interest. Lately, I found myself running to YouTube to learn more about certain subjects, concepts and approaches to solving particular problems; from finding solutions to phone issues to watching lecture series on venture capital, finance management, public policies and documentaries. I discovered channels and resources full of rich content from universities and industry experts globally on each subject matter and it has been so helpful.
I strongly believe that the potential of online learning to bridge the educational gap is immense, especially in a country like Nigeria with a large youth population and a growing internet penetration rate. There is a significant opportunity to leverage technology to improve access to quality education. The appetite of Nigerian youth and their affinity for technology, social media and gadgets generally can be maximised as a fertile ground through specialised open access, free and affordable courses on innovation and entrepreneurship to drive the digital economy. The 3 million Technical Talent programme initiated by the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, exemplifies this potential. Even though it is hybrid by design, most of the training programmes are done remotely, and students still need to leverage available resources to hone their skills. I’ve seen some of the ‘students – ‘fellow’ share their progress on platforms like X (formerly Twitter) and LinkedIn. They’ve also received commendations and laptops as support from Dr Bosun Tijani, the minister in charge, to help them further develop their skills and careers.
Online learning platforms are becoming increasingly well known among young Nigerians, especially in the South-West, for skills development and career advancement. Influencers on X and professionals on LinkedIn Learning actively discuss various platforms and share resources like free and discounted course coupons to help many get enrolled. One good thing about these platforms, especially online tech boot camps and cohort learning programmes, is how they have helped to promote a global learning community as learners can connect with their peers from around the world, exchange ideas and collaborate on projects.
Another significant advantage of technology in reshaping learning amongst others is the ability to tailor education to fit individual needs as self-paced learning allows people to have control of their education in a manner that suits their individual needs. I once completed a course while on a long transit, just a few hours before a major presentation. The knowledge I gained from that course was invaluable and helped me excel in the presentation. From my experience, there is a kind of peace and comfort that comes with learning at your own pace and style that is lacking in conventional classroom settings. Self-paced learning requires some level of self-discipline and focus, which is certainly what many people who struggle with completing their online courses often lack.
Whilst technology has made education more accessible as it is reshaping learning and empowering the next generation, it has also introduced new challenges. Notably, one of the most prevalent criticisms of online learning is the perceived lower quality which stems from concerns about the depth of curriculum, the content shared, the quality of instruction and the overall learning experience. Many critics of online learning, especially the older generation in the Nigerian academia, argue that online courses often lack the rigour and engagement of face-to-face instruction. Some others believe that online platforms often prioritise content consumption over critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Whilst this may be true to some extent, tech virtual boot camps, cohorts and internships however are fasting bridging the gaps and have allowed learners to apply their knowledge and skills to solve real problems and develop other non-technical skills along.
Additionally, the lack of access to needed devices and reliable internet connectivity is a significant barrier to online learning. In many developing countries, laptops, smartphones and stable internet connections are luxuries rather than necessities. This economic barrier reinforces existing educational inequalities as students from affluent backgrounds have greater opportunities to benefit from online learning. More so, the frustrations of unreliable internet connectivity can be mentally draining. Just this month, I’ve had my own share of connectivity issues during virtual classes both as an instructor and a student. I’ve purchased multiple couples of MiFis and routers from different internet service providers just to be able to switch to get a stable network for my meetings, training and learning, yet most times I will be at the mercy of these networks. Digital literacy is another concern. While younger privileged generations may appear to be more tech-savvy, there is still a considerable portion of the population, particularly in rural areas, that lacks basic digital skills which is a great barrier. There is still a greater percentage of those who find it difficult to operate a computer system or have a phobia of anything related to technology or online learning. More importantly, there is a difference between using social media and effectively navigating online learning platforms and without proper digital literacy even those with access to technology will struggle to make the most of it.
In conclusion, to fully harness the potential of technology in reshaping education and empowering the next generation in Nigeria, these challenges must be addressed head-on. This starts with investing in digital infrastructure, expanding internet coverage to rural areas and suburbs, reducing the cost of data, making sure that there is a significant increase in internet connection speed and ensuring that every student has access to a digital device.
We also need to prioritise digital literacy as we cannot honestly build a digital economy without digital literacy. This isn’t just about teaching people how to use technology; it’s about helping them develop the critical-thinking skills needed to navigate the digital world responsibly and effectively and also creating an enabling environment conducive to technology adoption and implementation. Public-private partnerships should also be encouraged in funding digital learning initiatives and supporting the development of indigenous EdTech startups that can create courses that are custom-made for Nigerian learners, and yet have global relevance and standards.
- Oyeniyi, Chief Technology Officer at Learned Library, can be reached via [email protected]
